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Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease that can affect a person's quality of life, but with timely detection and proper treatment, it is possible to control the course of the disease. In this article, we will answer the most frequently asked questions of patients.What is psoriasis? Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly affects the skin, but in some cases the nails and joints can also be involved. It is characterized by red, scaly lesions that appear on the skin. The most common form of psoriasis is plaque psoriasis, but there are also other types, such as guttate, pustular, and erythrodermic psoriasis. Is psoriasis hereditary? Yes, psoriasis has a hereditary predisposition. If one of the parents is sick, the child may have a higher risk of getting sick. However, this does not mean that all descendants will necessarily have psoriasis. Is psoriasis contagious? No. Psoriasis is not contagious. It is not transmitted through contact, hugging, or sharing personal items. The patient is absolutely safe for others. It is also very important to inform people around you about this, as people with psoriasis can often experience unnecessary social isolation. Is psoriasis finally cured? Psoriasis does not yet have a definitive cure, but it is completely manageable. There are modern medications that allow you to fully control the disease. Exacerbations can be managed with medication, phototherapy, and proper skin care. How is psoriasis treated? Psoriasis treatment is selected based on the type, severity, and prevalence of the disease. The main treatment options are: • Topical treatments – creams, ointments • Phototherapy • Systemic treatments – pills or injections What can the patient do on their own • Avoid skin damage • Use moisturizers daily • Avoid stress and fatigue • Control weight, lead a healthy lifestyle Psoriasis can be a psychological and physical burden, but it can be controlled with the right treatment and care. It is important to remember that living a full life is entirely possible.

Age-related changes in the joints are a natural process, caused by the depletion of cartilage tissue, but in the presence of risk factors, cartilage wear progresses rapidly, leading to complaints in the patient. Such a disease is called deforming osteoarthritis, which causes pain in various joints, restriction of movement, and the development of moderate swelling.The following changes are observed in the joints: 1.The amount of synovial fluid in the joint cavity decreases, as a result of which the contact of the joint surfaces increases and this damages the cartilage, 2.The normal structure of the articular cartilage changes, they become more fragile, as a result of which they are damaged and inflamed, 3.A decrease in the number of collagen fibers is observed. The latter is important for the strength and elasticity of the articular cartilage. 4.Overweight or, conversely, a sedentary lifestyle, can lead to premature cartilage wear. 8 ways to maintain joint health after 40: 1.Physical activity without muscle strain. It leads to improved blood circulation in the joints, reducing the load. For example, swimming, brisk walking, yoga. 2.Choosing the right foods, which are rich in protein, vitamin D, magnesium, calcium. 3.Plenty of fluids. During a lack of water, cartilage receives insufficient substances, which leads to cartilage wear. It is preferable to drink 7-8 glasses of water per day, and it is very important to use clean water. Exclude the use of caffeine and alcohol, which also damage cartilage. 4.Weight control. Knee joints in particular suffer from excess weight and obesity. It is advisable to check the cholesterol profile once a year, and in case of deviations, limit animal fats in the diet. 5.Consultation with a rheumatologist. In case of joint pain and restriction of movements, consult a doctor who will prescribe a complex treatment. 6.Protect the spine. Correct posture is very important, since when posture is disturbed, the load on the peripheral joints increases, especially the knee joints. Swimming is an ideal way to develop the aortospinal muscles, which fix and develop correct posture. 7.Proper rest. Joints need rest. It is preferable to use orthopedic correct insoles and pillows. 8.Use of cartilage-restoring preparations - chondroprotectors. These preparations should be prescribed according to the doctor's instructions. It includes cartilage components: glucose amine and chondroitin sulfate, in some cases hyaluronic acid. The latter stimulates the synthesis of cartilage components. These preparations are available in both pill and injection form. The correct choice of chondroprotectors depends on the degree of damage to the deforming osteoarthritis, which is directly proportional to the decrease in the effectiveness of chondroprotectors. Therefore, early detection and treatment of deforming osteoarthritis is very important.

Gastritis is an inflammation of the gastric mucosa. We distinguish between acute and chronic. Acute gastritis can be caused by the development of an inflammatory process in the gastric mucosa, which can have varying degrees of severity, from superficial to deep necrotic changes.Symptoms of gastritis: •Abdominal pain •Nausea •Vomiting •Loss of appetite •Heartburn Complications of gastritis include: •Bleeding •Stomach ulcers •UlcersCauses of gastritis: •Helicobacter pylori •Stress •Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs •Poor diet •Alcohol •Smoking •Crohn's disease •Diagnosis Sometimes the diagnosis can be made based on the patient's description of the symptoms. •Helicobacter pylori presence •Endoscopy •Gastric biopsy •X-ray examination •Stool sample Chronic gastritis Chronic gastritis develops due to prolonged exposure to adverse factors on the gastric mucosa: irregular eating habits, systematic overeating with proteins, consumption of dry or poor-quality food, hard or spicy foods, eating too hot or cold food, prolonged use of certain medications. Chronic gastritis can last for a long time even without symptoms. If left untreated, gastritis can lead to stomach ulcers and bleeding. Rarely, some forms of chronic gastritis can increase the risk of stomach ulcers, especially if they have severe thinning of the gastric mucosa and changes in the cells of the mucous membrane <<mutations>>. Medications used to treat gastritis include the following: •Antibiotics that kill Helicobacter pylori •Acid-suppressing and healing drugs •Stomach acid-neutralizing drugs (antacids) Acute gastritis caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or alcohol may be relieved by stopping their use.If you notice any symptoms of gastritis, consult a doctor promptly to prevent serious complications.

Originally, the term "anti-aging" originated in cosmetology and was understood as an exclusively cosmetic approach aimed at improving appearance. However, today, in the era of increasing life expectancy and “maturing” of the human population, it is time to interpret the concept of “anti-aging” more broadly and “get out” of new technologies of face masks, creams and “beauty injections”. In a global sense, anti-aging is neither “external cosmetic repair” nor “rejuvenation” (which is absolutely impossible), but strategic planning of all spheres of life: nutrition, physical and mental activity, reproductive behavior, work mode and breathing, sleep and exercise, which should begin with the preventive stage. To ensure longevity, a change in lifestyle is necessary, which really allows to delay old age and prevent age-related diseases: •maintaining normal body weight •maintaining physical activity •a balanced diet and drinking regimen •optimization of the work and rest regime, 8-hour sleep •preservation of cognitive functions: mental activity, solving crossword puzzles, learning foreign languages, reading •determining development prospects, hobbies, "life's work" •getting rid of bad habits •regular research

Computer vision syndrome is a group of symptoms that occur as a result of long-term work in front of a computer. Initially, it is manifested by eye fatigue, heaviness of the eyelids, frequent blinking. Sometimes a feeling of sand or blurred vision may occur. If no measures are taken in time, the condition may worsen. Hypersensitivity to light, lacrimation and other phenomena that disrupt the normal functioning of the visual organ may develop. In some cases, computer vision syndrome is manifested by pain in the head, discomfort in the neck, shoulders, back, and unpleasant sensations during eye movements. Visual disturbances that may occur during computer vision syndrome, as a rule, do not lead to serious eye diseases, but significantly worsen the quality of life. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to regulate the load on the eyes in front of the computer, as well as choose appropriate glasses and contact lenses. Causes of computer vision syndrome The development of the syndrome is not associated with monitor radiation. The essence of the problem lies in the perception of the image from the screen by the eye. For example, in a book, the image does not glow on its own, does not flicker, so reading does not require much effort on the eyes. But when working with a computer, the image is illuminated and consists of a set of many small dots, pixels, which are constantly flickering. Even if this flickering is not visually noticeable, the eyes still get more tired from looking at the screen than from reading a book or magazine. Computer vision syndrome can often develop in the following cases: •Incorrect organization of the office: a greater or lesser distance from the monitor than the norm, high screen brightness, the need to constantly change your gaze from the monitor to the papers and vice versa, etc. •Long and continuous work in front of the computer - when we look at the monitor, we unconsciously blink less and, consequently, the eyes become less moistened, which in turn leads to a violation of the quality of the tear film. Thus, the protective and lubricating functions of tears suffer, which contributes to the development of dry eye syndrome, which is accompanied by tearing, tearing, and discomfort in almost 50% of office workers. •The presence of monitor glare - any light source, falling on the screen, increases eye strain.

Bacterial vaginosis is a common vaginal infection, affecting around 23–25% of women of reproductive age. It develops when the natural balance of vaginal bacteria is disrupted. Normally, the vagina is protected by Döderlein's cilia (lactobacilli), which maintain an acidic environment. When these beneficial bacteria decrease, harmful microorganisms like Gardnerella spp., Prevotella spp., and other anaerobic bacteria can multiply, leading to bacterial vaginosis. Women with bacterial vaginosis may notice unusual vaginal discharge, a fishy odor, itching, or irritation, although some may not experience symptoms at all. Causes of Bacterial Vaginosis Bacterial vaginosis can be caused by several factors, including: 1.Violation of hygiene rules – Overwashing, use of harsh soaps, or vaginal douching can upset the natural balance. 2.Chronic intestinal diseases – Conditions like Irritable bowel syndrome or frequent digestive issues may impact the vaginal microbiome. 3.Previous inflammatory diseases – Past infections of the urinary or reproductive system may leave the area more vulnerable. 4.Decreased immunity – A weakened immune system can reduce the body’s ability to fight off harmful bacteria. 5.Atrophy of the vaginal mucosa – Common in menopausal women, this can reduce natural defenses. 6.Hormonal disorders – Hormonal imbalances may alter vaginal pH and increase susceptibility to bacterial vaginosis. Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis Bacterial vaginosis is treatable and curable. Treating a sexual partner is decided on a case-by-case basis. While bacterial vaginosis is not a traditional sexually transmitted infection, sexual activity can influence vaginal flora, especially in recurring cases. To prevent bacterial vaginosis, it's important to avoid practices that disturb the vaginal environment. Regular visits to a gynecologist are essential for early detection and effective management of vaginal health.

Pneumonia is a group of acute infectious (mainly bacterial) diseases of the lungs with different etiology, pathogenesis, morphological picture and clinical manifestations, which are characterized by damage to the respiratory sections of the lungs and the formation of an obligatory inflammatory exudate in the alveoli. This definition of pneumonia emphasizes the infectious origin of the exudative, inflammatory disease of the alveoli, which develops in response to the introduction and proliferation of microorganisms in the pulmonary parenchyma. In contrast to the latter, inflammatory diseases of the alveoli of non-infectious origin are called pneumonitis. Pneumonia classifications 1.Community-acquired pneumonia 2.Hospital-acquired pneumonia 3.Aspiration pneumonia 4.Pneumonia in patients with immunodeficiency states. Symptoms of community-acquired pneumonia are: 1.Fever 2.Cough with or without sputum production 3.Chest pain of a pleuritic nature 4.Shortness of breath 5.General intoxication syndrome. Acute onset of the disease with a rise in temperature to 38* and above, sudden occurrence or significant intensification of cough with the release of purulent or hemorrhagic sputum, the appearance of percussion and auscultatory phenomena, leukocytosis or leukopenia, X-ray signs of pneumonia. Treatment The duration of treatment for community-acquired pneumonia is on average 7-10 days. The minimum duration of treatment is 5 days if the patient has not had a fever for 48 hours and has no more than one clinical symptom associated with pneumonia.Hospital-acquired pneumonia Hospital-acquired pneumonia is most often caused by highly virulent autogenous microflora or pathogenic strains circulating in the hospital: pneumococcus, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella, enterococcus, proteus, bluetongue, legionella, anaerobic bacteria. Pathway of invasion of microorganisms 1.Innate path 2.Airborne 3.Hematogenous 4.Contagious Hematogenous and contagious paths occur rarely. Pneumonia can progress quickly and cause serious complications. Early medical consultation ensures proper diagnosis and treatment, reducing risks and promoting a faster recovery.

The human eye is a fascinating and complex organ that undergoes remarkable changes during infancy and early childhood. From birth, a baby's vision evolves rapidly, adapting to the world around them in just a few short months. One interesting fact is that the main lacrimal gland, which is responsible for producing tears, only begins to function around two months after birth. This is why newborns may cry audibly, but no tears are visible. It's only after this point that emotional tears become part of a baby's expressions. In terms of color vision, newborns begin their visual journey with limited ability. By the time a baby is four months old, they can already distinguish most colors. Their perception continues to improve, and by six months, babies are able to recognize all colors, just like adults. This development is made possible by the maturing of photoreceptor cells (cones) in the retina. The human eye itself is capable of perceiving only three primary colors: •Red •Blue •Green These three colors form the basis of all the other colors we see. The brain interprets combinations of these wavelengths to create the full spectrum of color vision. For example, mixing red and green can produce yellow, while blue and red make magenta. Another intriguing aspect of infant eye development is eye color. Many newborns are born with blue or grayish-blue eyes, which may not be their permanent color. Over time, typically within the first three years of life, a child’s eye color may darken or change entirely. This change occurs as melanin—the pigment responsible for eye, hair, and skin color—increases in the iris. Understanding these developmental milestones helps parents and caregivers better appreciate the early changes in a baby's visual world. From tearless cries to colorful discoveries, the human eye’s journey from birth is truly remarkable. It’s important to monitor your baby’s eye development from the very beginning. If you notice anything unusual, don’t hesitate to consult an eye specialist early on to ensure healthy vision.