Myopia is a visual impairment in which close objects are clearly visible, while distant objects are blurry. It is one of the most common problems today, especially among children and adolescents.
Causes of myopia
Myopia usually occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved. As a result, the light that enters the eye does not focus directly on the retina, but in front of it. As a result, the field of view becomes blurry.
Genetics plays a big role. If one or both parents are myopic, the child is more likely to be. However, there is another important reason today: the excessive use of modern technology and screens. Children and adults spend a lot of time in front of phones, computers and tablets, which leads to strain on the eye muscles and, ultimately, the development of myopia.
Symptoms of myopia
The main symptom of myopia is blurred vision of distant objects. However, there are other signs:
•Headache, especially after prolonged reading or staring at a screen
•Eye fatigue or worsening pain
•Frequent need to squint to see better
•Difficulty with night vision
If you experience these symptoms, it is important to see an eye doctor as soon as possible for a proper diagnosis.
Treatment of myopia
The most common treatment for myopia is optical devices, such as glasses or contact lenses. They change the direction of light so that it focuses directly on the retina. There are also modern surgical options, such as laser vision correction (LASIK, PRK, etc.), which permanently change the shape of the cornea.
In recent years, orthokeratology, the use of night lenses that temporarily change the shape of the cornea to improve vision without having to wear lenses or glasses during the day, has also become popular.
Prevention of myopia
Although genetics cannot be changed, some precautionary steps can slow or reduce the development of myopia:
•Be sure to rest your eyes every 20-30 minutes after spending a long time in front of screens
•Work or read with effective lighting
•Spend more time outdoors, as natural sunlight promotes eye health
•Get an eye exam at least once a year for early detection