What is insulin?

Duplex examination is an ultrasound examination method that allows you to assess: blood circulation indicators, vascular patency, degree of narrowing, the condition of the arterial wall, the condition of the lumen, allows you to measure the diameter of the vessel, check the blood flow velocity, deformations, the presence of atherosclerotic plaques.Advantages of duplex examination: •It is quick and short (about 15-30 minutes) •It is absolutely safe (can be used by pregnant women) •It is affordable and very informative •It has no age or gender restrictions. It is necessary to undergo the examination in case of the following complaints: •Headaches •Dizziness •Tinnitus •Memory and attention disorders •Pressure fluctuations •Arterial hypertension The following are at risk: Arterial hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, atherosclerosis, high blood cholesterol, people with diabetes and smokers. Thanks to this examination, it is possible to diagnose vascular problems in a timely manner, prescribe effective treatment and prevent the occurrence of complications.

Shortness of breath (dyspnea) is a subjective feeling of difficulty breathing, accompanied by shortness of breath, or chest tightness. It can be acute or chronic and is often associated with cardiovascular or respiratory disorders.Main Causes 1.Respiratory System Causes •Asthma – a spasm of the bronchi that causes shortness of breath. •Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) – often occurs in smokers. •Pneumonia (also known as COVID-19) – an infection that causes inflammation of the lungs. •Pulmonary embolism – a blood clot in the lungs. •Physical exertion – especially in untrained people. 2.Cardiac Causes •Heart failure – when the heart is unable to supply the body’s needs. •Heart ischemic disease (thoracic angina) – insufficient blood supply to the heart. •Arrhythmias – heart rhythm disorders that prevent normal blood circulation. Shortness of breath may be accompanied by cyanosis, coldness of the extremities. As a rule, shortness of breath worsens during physical exertion. 3.Other Causes •Anemia – lack of hemoglobin, which causes oxygen deficiency. •Stress and anxiety – hyperventilation syndrome (hyperventilation). •Obesity •Pulmonary hypertension •Tumors – which compress the airways. Diagnosis •Pulmonary function tests (spirometry). •Electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography. •Blood tests (hemoglobin, oxygen saturation). •X-ray or CT scan: to check the condition of the lungs. Shortness of breath can be both harmless (for example, from stress) and life-threatening (heart attack, pulmonary embolism). It is important to diagnose the cause in time and begin appropriate treatment. In case of signs of shortness of breath, you should consult a doctor for a correct diagnosis and treatment.

Prolactin is a hormone produced by your pituitary gland, which is located at the base of your brain. Prolactin helps a woman’s breasts grow and develop, as well as milk production (lactation) after childbirth. Both men and women normally have small amounts of prolactin in their blood. Prolactin levels are regulated by other hormones called prolactin-inhibiting factors, such as dopamine. During pregnancy, prolactin levels increase due to the effects of sex hormones (mainly estradiol). Elevated levels of prolactin in the blood are called hyperprolactinemia. Hyperprolactinemia can cause fertility problems in both men and women. Oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, and infertility in women with hyperprolactinemia, as well as impotence and oligospermia in men with hyperprolactinemia, are caused by the suppression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion by prolactin. Hyperprolactinemia is one of the most common endocrine disorders and can be caused by lactotroph adenomas (prolactinomas, which account for approximately 40% of pituitary tumors), drug-induced or pathological disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary dopaminergic pathway, and can sometimes be idiopathic. Low levels of prolactin in the blood can be caused by abnormal development of lactotroph cells (genetic causes), destruction of pituitary tissue (Sheehan's syndrome, inflammatory or autoimmune damage to lactotrophs, tumor or surgery, tuberculosis), pseudohypoparathyroidism, idiopathic prolactin deficiency, medication (e.g., dopamine agonists).Emotional stress, exercise, and a high-protein diet can stimulate prolactin secretion. Thus, the physiological causes of hyperprolactinemia are: 1.Pregnancy, 2.Breastfeeding, 3.Stress. The pathological causes of hyperprolactinemia are: 1.Lactotroph adenomas - prolactinomas 2.Other disorders of the hypothalamus and pituitary gland 3 Medications 4.Mutation of the prolactin receptor gene 5.Other causes: idiopathic hyperprolactinemia, hypothyroidism, chest wall injury, chronic kidney disease and macroprolactinemia. When to check the level of prolactin in the blood 1.During symptoms of prolactinoma (headaches, blurred vision, galactorrhea); 2.To monitor the development of prolactinoma 3.In case of infertility and sexual dysfunction in women and men; 4.In case of low testosterone levels in men; 5.In case of suspicion of general pituitary insufficiency (in combination with a growth hormone test) 6.When the patient is taking medications that affect dopamine production (to monitor changes in prolactin levels). Patient preparation Do not take multivitamins or biological supplements containing biotin (vitamin B7), which is usually contained in supplements and multivitamins for hair, skin and nails, for 12 hours before sampling. Sampling: Venous bloodDeadline for response: Same dayKnowing your prolactin level can help detect potential hormonal imbalances early and support your reproductive and overall health. Visit Dalimed MC for a quick and accurate prolactin test—your well-being is our priority.

Neurological diseases are very common in the population, they are numerous, we can single out a few that are most common. With the rapid development of science and technology, stressful situations and tension in people are increasing, which in turn leads to the emergence of various neurological diseases, such as neuroses, sharp increases in blood pressure, which, in the case of metabolic disorders in the body, in the case of increased cholesterol, blood clotting, causes acute or chronic disorders of cerebral blood circulation and requires more long-term, consistent treatment. Among the frequently occurring diseases are also herniated intervertebral discs in various parts of the spine, which are a consequence of physical overload and metabolic disorders and, by compressing the nerve fibers, cause acute pain, weakness, numbness in the upper and lower extremities. Migraine is one of the types of headaches, which is considered a frequent manifestation of the nervous system one of the diseases. Migraine occurs in the form of seizures, headaches during migraine are pulsating in nature, of medium or high intensity. It is located on the right or left side of the head, accompanied by nausea, sometimes vomiting, fear of heights, fear of sound. Migraine sufferers avoid staying in bright and noisy places for long periods of time. Migraines are more common in women. Several factors contribute to the onset of attacks, including: •lack of or excess sleep •stress •hunger •certain foods (e.g. chocolate, red wine, nuts, etc.) •menstrual cycle Dizziness Dizziness is a common neurological complaint that is often accompanied by nausea, sometimes vomiting, ringing in the ears, and balance and visual disturbances. Dizziness is a term used to describe a range of sensations, such as: •impending fainting, •objects spinning around you, •weakness or loss of balance Dizziness has many possible causes, let's explore some of them. •Cerebral circulatory disorders •Other neurological diseases: cervical spine hernias, arterial hypertension, vestibular diseases, Meniere's disease, severe atherosclerosis of the main vessels of the brain, etc. •Medications •Low iron levels •Low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia) •Overheating and dehydration Factors that contribute to the likelihood of dizziness are: •age (the elderly are more likely to have health problems, which in turn can cause secondary dizziness), •migraine (people with migraines may have dizziness), •inner ear problems. As soon as complaints appear, immediately consult a neurologist, get examined and receive competent treatment. Being informed is the key to quick treatment.