Anti-Müllerian Hormone

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that mainly affects the central part of the face. It is characterized by persistent redness, the appearance of pustules and nodules, and also hypersensitivity of the skin. The disease is most common in people with fair skin and is more prevalent among women, but in men the disease can be more severe. Causes and mechanism of development The exact cause of rosacea is still not fully understood. It is believed that several factors play a role in the development of the disease: • Vascular dysfunction: superficial vessels of the face easily dilate, which leads to redness. • Immune system hypersensitivity: the skin reacts too strongly to external irritants. • Microorganisms: the Demodex folliculorum mite and certain bacteria can contribute to an inflammatory reaction. • Genetic predisposition: the disease is more common in some families. Main clinical forms Rosacea manifests in various forms: • Erythematotelangiectatic form – characterized by persistent facial redness and a network of small vessels. • Papulopustular form – pustules and nodules appear on the face, which are often confused with acne. • Phymatous form – the skin thickens, most often in the nose area, leading to rhinophyma. Aggravating factors The course of rosacea is characterized by phases of flare-ups and remission. Flare-ups often occur due to the following factors: • Sun exposure • Hot or very cold weather • Stress • Alcoholic beverages • Spicy food, hot drinks • Irritating ingredients in cosmetic products Diagnosis The diagnosis of rosacea is carried out mainly on the basis of the clinical picture. Principles of treatment Rosacea treatment is individual and depends on the form and severity of the disease. • Topical treatment: creams or gels with metronidazole, azelaic acid, or ivermectin. • Systemic treatment: a long course of doxycycline or other tetracycline antibiotics. • Laser therapy: useful for reducing vascular networks and redness. • Surgical intervention: in the case of severe rhinophyma, surgical correction may be applied. Care and prevention In addition to medical treatment, proper skin care is of great importance: • Use gentle, soap-free cleansing products • Apply sunscreen with SPF 50+ • Avoid aggravating factors • Moisturize the skin with non-irritating products Conclusion Rosacea is a chronic but controllable disease. Although there is no complete cure, timely diagnosis and proper treatment can significantly reduce symptoms and improve quality of life. Patients are advised to regularly visit a dermatologist and follow the rules of care.

Appendicitis is an inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine. Despite its tiny size, the condition can be extremely dangerous: an inflamed appendix quickly swells and, if it ruptures, can cause a severe infection of the abdominal cavity known as peritonitis. For this reason, appendicitis is considered a medical emergency and requires immediate medical attention.CausesThe most common cause is an obstruction of the appendix's lumen by fecal matter. Less frequently, inflammation can be caused by an infection, parasites, or a tumor. This obstruction leads to bacterial growth, swelling, and impaired blood flow to the tissues. Without treatment, the appendix wall gradually deteriorates and can rupture.FormsAcute appendicitis develops suddenly, is accompanied by severe pain, and progresses rapidly.Chronic appendicitis is rare and manifests as intermittent pain. However, it can turn into the acute form at any time, so it requires a doctor's supervision.SymptomsThe most characteristic signs include:• Pain that starts near the navel and then moves to the lower right abdomen, intensifying with movement or coughing.• Nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite.• Low-grade fever, sometimes with chills.• Changes in bowel habits: constipation, diarrhea, or difficulty passing gas.• Abdominal bloating and tension.It's important to note that the classic symptoms are not always present in children, the elderly, and pregnant women. Therefore, any sudden abdominal discomfort warrants an urgent consultation.DiagnosisTo confirm the diagnosis, a doctor will perform an examination and order blood and urine tests. Additionally, imaging methods are used:• Ultrasound helps to detect inflammation.• CT scan provides a detailed picture.• MRI is more often used in pregnant women to reduce radiation exposure.TreatmentAppendicitis is treated surgically. The main methods are:• Classic appendectomy, performed through an incision in the lower abdomen.• Laparoscopy, a minimally invasive surgery using small incisions and a camera.For complicated cases, drainage of the abdominal cavity and a course of antibiotics may be necessary. Sometimes, antibiotics are used as a temporary measure before surgery, but they cannot fully replace it.ComplicationsThe main threat is the rupture of the appendix and the development of peritonitis. In this case, the infection spreads throughout the abdominal cavity and can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening condition. Without treatment, the risk of a fatal outcome is very high.Appendicitis is the most common surgical disease in people aged 10–30, but it can occur at any age. Its danger lies in the fact that only 48–72 hours can pass from the first symptoms to a rupture. When you experience sudden abdominal pain, do not delay a visit to the doctor. Timely medical attention is the guarantee of successful treatment and good health.

Spring delights us with the blooming of trees and grasses, but for people with seasonal allergies, this means endless sneezing, a runny nose, and itchy eyes. Allergic rhinitis can seriously reduce a person's quality of life, but there are proven methods to help keep symptoms under control. 1. Reduce Contact with Allergens The main way to ease symptoms is to minimize your exposure to pollen. It's better to stay indoors on dry, windy days, and after a walk, be sure to change your clothes and take a shower. Don't dry clothes outside, as the fabric quickly becomes covered in pollen. Gardening and yard work can also trigger a flare-up, so wear a protective mask. 2. Pay Attention to Pollen Levels Sometimes, just checking the forecast is enough. When pollen levels are especially high, it's a good idea to take medication in advance, close windows, and limit morning walks. It's better to go outside after it rains, as the air becomes noticeably cleaner. 3. Make Your Home Air Safe It's impossible to completely eliminate allergens indoors, but you can reduce their amount. To do this: • Use an air conditioner and fine filters. • Regularly clean and vacuum. • Control humidity with a dehumidifier. 4. The Help of Pharmacy Products Modern over-the-counter medications can significantly improve your condition. Antihistamine tablets reduce sneezing, itching, and a runny nose, while corticosteroid nasal sprays help with congestion. Saline solutions are safe and effectively wash allergens out of the nose. It's best to consult a doctor before long-term use of any medication. 5. When Home Methods Aren't Enough If symptoms remain severe, a doctor may order tests to identify the specific allergen. In some cases, allergen-specific immunotherapy (injections or tablets under the tongue) may be offered, which over time reduces the body's sensitivity. This is one of the most effective methods for long-term treatment. Allergies shouldn't rob you of the joy of spring days. It's important to remember: the sooner you see a doctor and start controlling your symptoms, the easier it will be to manage flare-ups.

Breast ultrasound is a modern and safe diagnostic method that allows a doctor to obtain clear images of the internal structures of the breast. Unlike mammography, ultrasound does not involve radiation exposure and is especially useful for a more detailed study of individual tissue areas. What does a breast ultrasound show? With ultrasound, a doctor can: • determine whether a lump is a fluid-filled cyst (most often benign) or a solid mass that requires further examination; • examine suspicious areas after a mammogram; • monitor the biopsy process to take a tissue sample from a precise location. When is a breast ultrasound prescribed? The examination is recommended in cases when: • it is necessary to clarify the results of a mammogram; • a lump or bump is felt in the breast; • there is localized pain or discomfort; • the breast tissue has a dense structure (in this case, mammography may be less informative); • the patient is younger than the age at which regular mammography screening is recommended. Limitations and Advantages Ultrasound is safe, has no contraindications, and can be performed repeatedly. The method does not replace mammography, as it mainly covers individual areas, not the entire breast tissue. It's most effective to use ultrasound in combination with other diagnostic methods, especially with an increased risk of breast cancer. When to see a doctor? Be sure to make an appointment if you notice: • a new or changing lump in the breast or armpit; • skin indentation, dimpling, or other unusual changes; • nipple discharge, nipple inversion, or deformation; • a suspected breast implant injury or rupture. Why is timely examination important? Timely diagnosis is the key to maintaining health. The earlier a change in the breast is detected, the higher the chances for successful treatment and maintaining quality of life. If you notice any changes or want to undergo a preventive examination, contact the Dalimed medical center. Experienced specialists work here who will help you maintain your health and confidence in the future.